The founding of Rome goes back to the very early days of civilization. It is so old, it is today known as 'the eternal city'. The Romans believed that their city was founded in the year 753 BC. Modern historians though believe it was the year 625 BC.
Early Rome was governed by kings, but after only seven of them had ruled, the Romans took power over their own city and ruled themselves.They then instead had a council known as the 'senate' which ruled over them. From this point on one speaks of the 'Roman Republic'. The word 'Republic' itself comes from the Latin (the language of the Romans) words 'res publica' which mean 'public matters' or 'matters of state'. The senate under the kings had only been there to advise the king. Now the senate appointed a consul, who ruled Rome like a king, but only for one year. - This was a wise idea, as like that, the consul ruled carefully and not as a tyrant, for he knew that otherwise he could be punished by the next consul, once his year was up. Rome knew four classes of people. This division was very important to the Romans. The lowest class were the slaves. They were owned by other people. They had no rights at all. The next class were the plebeians. They were free people. But they had little say at all. The second highest class were the equestrians (sometimes they are called the 'knights'). Their name means the 'riders', as they were given a horse to ride if they were called to fight for Rome. To be an equestrian you had to be rich. The highest class were the nobles of Rome. They were called 'patricians'. All the real power in Rome lay with them. The Roman Republic was a very successful government. It lasted from 510 BC until 23 BC - almost 500 years. In comparison the United States of America only exist since 1776 - less than 250 years. "A Brief History of Rome." A Brief History of Rome. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Sept. 2015. |
Module #1Read the myth of "Romulus and Remus." Complete the questions at the end of the text on your own paper and place in the Unit 3 section of your notebook.
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Module #2Below are some viewing pieces on "Romulus and Remus" and the background of Rome.
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Module #3Read through the comparison Roman gods and goddesses, noting the differences between the two groups.
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The Trojan War
The Aeneid
The Aeneid is Virgil's epic and shares striking similarities to The Odyssey. Both Aeneas and Odysseus descend into the Underworld on their journey. Read the section below from The Aeneid and pay close attention to the characters Aeneas encounters as he wanders through the Underworld. Complete the handout distributed in class that makes note of the various inhabitants of the Underworld.